South-East Asia correspondent for Fairfax Media
Cambodia's Prime Minister Hun Sen. Photo: Reuters
Cambodia’s insistence that refugees not be sent to the impoverished country against their will has emerged as a key sticking point in a controversial agreement with Australia.
Refugee advocates say most of the 1000 refugees the Abbott government wants to send to Cambodia will refuse to resettle in one of the world’s poorest nations, raising doubts about the effectiveness of the agreement.
“People came to get protection from Australia, why would they go to Cambodia?” said an asylum seeker from Nauru, where those slated for Cambodia are in detention.
Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen with Australian Foreign Affairs Minister Julie Bishop in Phnom Penh in February. Photo: AP
“It’s not a developed country. It is poor. It cannot look after refugees,” said the man, who is receiving medical treatment at Sydney’s Villawood detention centre.
Shane Prince, a Sydney lawyer who represents refugees, said he believes those on Nauru will refuse the Cambodia option “because they will hold out in the hope there is a policy change and they eventually will be able to get to Australia”.
“They also know Cambodia’s troubled history,” he said.
Refugee advocate Ian Rintoul said most of the asylum seekers on Nauru “understand that because Nauru is not willing to resettle them, their chances of coming to Australia are increased”.
Confirmation of an “in principle” agreement between Australia and Cambodia this week provoked a storm of criticism from rights groups, opposition MPs and non-government organisations in Phnom Penh, despite the fact that neither country has yet revealed any substantial details about it.
Refugees already living among Phnom Penh’s millions of poor have told Fairfax Media how they cannot work, have limited access to education for their children and cannot open bank accounts or send money overseas.
“It’s very hard. We are trying to get to Canada,” said a 32-year-old Rohingya man who ekes out a living cooking bread from a cart on the street. Rohingyas are a Muslim minority from Myanmar.
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees has only two staff in the country, which in the 1970s and '80s saw a huge exodus of refugees fleeing war and starvation.
Cambodia has set up a committee to finalise details of the unprecedented Australian deal, which has the backing of Prime Minister Hun Sen, a former refugee from the rule of the murderous Khmer Rouge in the mid-1970s.
“The government agreeing in principle means that it is still under study and we will do it in accordance to international standards,” said Ouch Borith, Cambodia’s Secretary of State at the Foreign Ministry. “Because the main important thing is based on volunteer principle without being forced,” he said.