PHNOM PENH, Cambodia June 13, 2013 (AP)
An international human rights group charged Thursday that a massive land
redistribution program spearheaded by Cambodia's strongman prime
minister is unfair, open to corruption and politically motivated.
New York-based Human Rights Watch said in a report that the program,
which began a year ago, was designed to be closely identified with Prime
Minister Hun Sen ahead of national elections next month, with extensive
coverage in state media but no oversight.
The report urged Cambodia's aid donors — who provide a major portion of
the country's national budget — "to insist that the program be reformed
into a professional and apolitical process, or canceled."
Tith Sothea, a government spokesman, described the report as "baseless"
and "garbage," and accused Human Rights Watch Asia director Brad Adams
of "never speaking positively about Cambodia." He said Cambodians are
benefiting from being given titles to their land because it prevents it
from being stolen.
Virtually all records of land ownership were destroyed during the late
1970s rule of the Khmer Rouge, who sought to abolish private property.
Their widespread relocation of the population furthered complicated land
rights questions.
The report noted that Hun Sen recently announced the land titling
program would be suspended until after the July 28 elections, which are
certain to be won in a landslide by his Cambodian People's Party. The
ruling party is campaigning aggressively, and last week used a legal
maneuver to expel opposition members from parliament.
"It is good news that the land titling campaign has been suspended until
after the elections, but this demonstrates just how political the
effort has been from the outset," Adams said.
The report cited Hun Sen as saying the titling program would provide
ownership documents to 478,928 families covering 1.8 million hectares
(4.4 million acres) of land.
"While some have benefited from the campaign, in other cases the scheme
has amounted to a land grab by powerful interests with no legal
protections or recourse for those who lose out in the process. The
campaign is being conducted in a secretive and bullying manner in which
independent organizations are prevented from monitoring what is
happening and local residents are threatened if they complain," Adams
said in the report.
Adams, an American lawyer, worked for five years in Cambodia in the
office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and as
legal adviser to the Cambodian parliament's human rights committee.
Land grabbing has become a volatile social problem nationwide, with
backroom deals and deadly force sometimes employed against those living
on properties. Activists link the deals to corruption and cronyism.
The issue could give the opposition an opportunity to pick up some
parliamentary seats in the elections. The report says an estimated
700,000 Cambodians have been evicted from land the government has sold
or given away as economic concessions for commercial development.
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