Associated Press
Associated Press Sports
updated Feb. 15, 2013
POIPET, Cambodia (AP) - Soccer betting is illegal in Cambodia, but visitors to this seedy frontier town wouldn't know it.
In
the rundown market where the smell of incense mixes with rotting
garbage, betting goes on 24 hours a day inside shiny, glass-fronted
parlors emblazoned with photos of famous European soccer players.
Fidgety men break from lines of computers displaying odds to place bets
with cashiers on matches around the world, from the obscure leagues of
India and New Zealand to the giants of Europe.
"We
can't always pronounce the teams we are betting on, but that doesn't
matter," said Sampoath Pererra, a Sri Lankan palm oil worker who has
made his life in Poipet, a two-street town sandwiched between the
Cambodian and Thai borders. "The important thing is we can recognize
them."
Poipet has a long association with
gambling. In the early 1990s, the government allowed casinos to be built
there, and the gaudy, mostly threadbare venues continue to attract
thousands of customers from Thailand, where all forms of gambling are
illegal.
Soccer bookmakers - also illegal in most Asian countries - have sprung up inside the casinos and in nearby streets.
The
cash bets placed with the bookies in Poipet and the many more via
websites operating out of the town form part of a billion-dollar
unregulated industry in Asia that is at the heart of match-fixing. To
spend a weekend there is to see up close the region's obsession with
soccer gambling, as well as some of the challenges facing those who seek
to keep the sport clean.
While bets of
upward of $50,000 on a single game are not uncommon in Asia, most wagers
are much smaller, reflecting average incomes in a region that remains
mostly poor. On a weekend in late November, there were few big bettors
in Poipet, little glamour and many tales of lives taken over by
gambling.
In the snazziest of the town's
bookmakers, called footballbet.com, a gap-toothed Singaporean who gave
his name only as Michael needed several late goals and turnarounds to
win his $25 wager on a series of five matches.
As the final whistle approached on several matches in England's Premier League, his hope slowly turned to disappointment.
He
fingered his betting slips in the manner of gamblers around the world,
and a 6-year-old boy whom he referred to as his son bounded from his lap
to the floor of the bookmakers, playing in the cigarette ash left
behind.
Authorities turn a blind eye to the
bookmakers, even those who operate outside the casinos, which are run by
powerful tycoons with links to the corruption-riddled government in
Phnom Penh, the capital.
In September,
police arrested 100 Indonesians in Phnom Penh for illegally running a
soccer betting site from two houses in the city.
One
bookmaker's Malaysian manager, who refused to give his name because of
the illegal nature of his business, conceded that the operation was
running "on borrowed time."
The websites
operating in the town employ Indonesians, Thais and other nationalities
on telephone help lines and computer chat rooms to assist people setting
up accounts in their home countries.
Rooms in hotels and casinos are rented out to these operators, giving the town something of a gold rush atmosphere.
Poipet is a town where few would choose to live unless they were making money, or have gambling addictions to feed.
In
the daytime, trucks carrying squealing pigs roll through town, as do
vehicles full of foreign tourists on their way to the ruins of Angkor
Wat, Cambodia's iconic 12th century temple.
By
night, touts on motorbikes patrol the main drag offering women and
drugs, while children beg. A stinking, rubbish-clogged river dissects
the town.
Unlicensed Asian betting sites and
bookmakers like those in Poipet function as unofficial agents of the
larger Asian betting operators, most of them based in the Philippines.
Unlike in regulated markets, syndicates are able to place bets
anonymously, with no cash trail to follow or betting patterns to examine
if fixing suspicions emerge, said David Forrest, an applied economist
who specializes in sports gambling at the University of Salford Business
School in Britain.
"Asia is the dominant
betting market, even though the sport is European. And most criminals,
whether they come from Asia or Europe, will place the bets in Asia
because of the non-regulated sector of that market," he said. "It's a
huge market, and easy to hide money."
Bookmakers
and bettors alike in Poipet are aware that some matches are fixed, but
such information is closely held by the syndicates and doesn't reach
ordinary gamblers. The Premier League is regarded as fix-proof, but the
Italian, Russian and smaller Asian leagues are suspect. The gamblers say
it doesn't affect their betting.
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AP Assistant Europe Editor Sheila Norman-Culp contributed from London.
© 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast,
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