A Change of Guard

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Wednesday, 5 March 2008

A Return From France, 1975: A Decision


By Neou Sarem, VOA Khmer
Original report from Washington
04 March 2008

If you were a Cambodian living abroad as the Khmer Rouge took over the country, would you dare go back? One woman did: VOA Khmer's Neou Sarem. A teacher in France at the onset of Year Zero, Neou Sarem understood the Khmer Rouge were dangerous, but she couldn't bear the separation of her family. VOA Khmer presents "A Return From France, 1975," the story of Neou Sarem's journey back and search of her family. Part one of an occasional oral history series.

When I first heard of the Khmer Rouge evacuation of Phnom Penh, I was so depressed that tears fell on my plate. I heard the voices of my children. I wished a car would hit me, or that I could forget my life. I dreamed I could go far back in time, when I was in high school.
One day, when I was looking at a picture of my family, my three-year-old daughter, the youngest, jumped out to hug me. Appointments to see the gastronomic physician were frequent on my calendar, and I knew that I had to go back to Cambodia, the sooner the better. I applied to return under the National United Front of Kampuchea, the FUNK, in Paris.
I knew about the evacuation of Phnom Penh, and the Khmer Rouge attack on the US merchant ship Mayaguez, and the rumors of killings. I also knew the Khmer Rouge had lied about an American plan to bomb Cambodia.
But I saw my life in France as not worth living, where I was helpless to aid my children. So I spent almost all my savings to buy the necessary things to take back. I bought medicine, vitamins, small knives and flints in the thousands, and a lot of bras, as well as fishing hooks and black material for the uniforms of the Khmer Rouge.
I went back to Cambodia in 1975 because I didn't want to be separated from my family. Before the birth of my daughter in July 1974, in a predawn nightmare, I had seen myself running alone, near my school at Vimeanh Ekkareach, in a deserted Phnom Penh; in the nightmare, the Viet Cong had evacuated Phnom Penh.
My apartment was empty. My mother-in-law's house near Psar Thmei was also empty.
In my dream, I ended up on a big white cruise ship that departed from Cambodian waters and carried me alone except the family of my cousin. She was there with her husband and her four children. I wept miserably, until my husband woke me from my dream.
At the time, my husband's cousin worked for the International Travel Bureau in Geneva. It was earlier than July 1974, the birth month of my second daughter. I didn't tell my husband about the nightmare, because it was a miserable experience. Not long after, I traveled to France.
There, I met my cousin and her husband, who come to visit me in Besançon, in northeastern France, and I began a letter to my husband, asking him to get ready to come to France. I asked him to come because I didn't want anything to happen as in my dream. I also wrote letters to my sister-in-law, asking her to loan my husband money enough to bring my two daughters and join me. I wrote my father-in-law, describing my nightmare, promising to pay back any money I borrowed by working after my scholarship ended.
Miserably, the post workers in France at the time were on strike a lot. I rarely got letters from home. We had to open a post office box on the border of Switzerland that we checked every two weeks.
Finally, I got a letter from my sister-in-law, whose husband made tons of money as a manager at Tonle Sap Convoy, bringing food supplies into Phnom Penh after all the roads were cut off. She told me she had offered money to my husband, but he had refused it.
When Phnom Penh fell, my family was still there. In order to return, I had to apply for a change of passport, from Khmer Republic to National United Front of Kampuchea. I had to write a letter in support of the FUNK, who had then-Prince Norodom Sihanouk as its head. I didn't have the will to write these letters, so I asked someone to write them for me and I just signed them.
Those wishing to return to Cambodia had to bring their return ticket to the FUNK mission. Travel was organized in groups, via Air China, with an overnight stay in the Beijing airport. Those who changed their mind could return to France from Beijing, or they could sightsee for 60 francs a day.

Heritage bid unites border rivals


A picture of Preah Vihear temple: The dispute over Preah Vihear temple dates back a century

Frances Harrison

Religious affairs reporter,

BBC News

The dispute over Preah Vihear temple dates back a centuryThailand and Cambodia have agreed to lay aside a century-long dispute over a temple complex on their border.
Both countries want to push for United Nations World Heritage status for the site.
The Preah Vihear Hindu temple was built in the 11th and 12th centuries on the top of mountains that form the Thai-Cambodian border.
But the exact position of the border has been disputed, and the complex has one entrance in each country.
Thailand's Prime Minister has returned from a visit to Cambodia promising to back attempts to register the temple area, but not the surrounding land, as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Colonial-era dispute
Last year the UN ruled against world heritage status for the temple - some assumed this was because Thailand blocked Cambodia's application, although both countries deny this.
The dispute dates back a century.
A joint border demarcation team set up by the Kingdom of Siam and the French colonial authorities placed the temple inside Cambodia.
At the end of French colonial rule in Cambodia the Thais occupied the temple, with the result that the dispute landed in the International Court of Justice.
The Thais argued that the border was supposed to follow the watershed line of the mountains, in which case the temple would have been theirs.
The Thais also said they had never bothered to dispute the map because to access the temple from the Cambodian side required scaling a 500-metre (547-yeard) high cliff, so in practice they always had possession.
The court ruled in favour of Cambodia, but fighting with the Khmer Rouge meant it was only in 1998 that the temple opened to the public.
Now Cambodia has built a road up the cliff to reach the temple that has plagued relations with Thailand for so long.

Recycled stationery helps orphan

Budding entrepreneurs at a Garston school have raised more than £200 to support a Cambodian orphan, by selling environmentally friendly stationery.
Some 190 Year 10 students from Parmiter's School, in High Elms Lane, were tasked to create a range of recycled products as part of a business activity programme organised by the charity The Paper Trail.
The teams set up companies to produce an array of items, which were then sold and marketed to Year 7 and 8 pupils during their lunch break.
The money raised will help Soki, a 12-year-old orphan from the Sunrise Village Orphanage, near Phnom Pen, who Parmiter's have sponsored since he was nine.
Student Sutaria Nishma said: "It's been a fun way of focusing on the need to preserve our planet."
Emma Lim added: "Recycling is so important and the company we formed, Moo Cards, is dedicated to reinforcing that."
The challenge also had an impact on Joel Holford. He said: "It has definitely changed my view of business. I now see it is a lot more challenging to make money than I previously thought.
"The day really portrayed the idea that one man's waste is another man's gold. Thinking about it, so many things can be recycled or reused to save the fragile environment which we depend on - all it takes is a little enterprise."
Parmiter's is one of 300 schools involved in The Paper Trail's recycling scheme; they donate their waste paper to the Apsley-based mill and then receive 100 per cent recycled paper as part of a reward scheme.
Rosemary Franklin, Head of Careers at Parmiter's School, said: "Enterprise is essentially about calculated risk taking. With growing awareness of increasing competition in the global economy and market place, the day was planned to enable students to discover and develop their enterprise and business skills, from concept through manufacture to marketing and sales.
"The outcome was phenomenal with product development going hand in hand with personal development, with the result that the money raised will make a real difference to the Cambodian orphan we sponsor."
Hugo Van Kempen from The Paper Trail added: "We feel genuinely privileged to have worked with such a delightful group of talented students and caring staff.
"Their enthusiasm and engagement with the enterprise activity was reflected in the exceptional range of quality stationery products, all produced and sold in a single day.
"We struck a rich vein of young entrepreneurs at Parmiter's."
For more information, telephone Hugh Van Kempen on 01442 234600.

Tuesday, 4 March 2008

Cambodia's revenge fiasco

By GLYN FORD
Special to The Japan Times

BRUSSELS — Cambodia is currently witnessing the commencement of what is likely to become a grotesque farce. In July, the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia will try four Khmer Rouge leaders, as well as the commandant of the infamous S21 Tuol Sleng prison, for crimes committed more than 30 years ago. The trials are expected to cost more than 150 million euro, a sixth of the country's annual GDP.
The ECCC has already started taking testimony from witnesses. The former leaders on trial will be Pol Pot's Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ieng Sary, his wife Ieng Thirith (social affairs minister), Deputy Secretary Nuon Chea and President Khieu Samphan. The other man in the dock is Kaing Guek Eav, better known as Comrade Duch from the notorious S21.
We've been here before. Eight months after the fall of the Khmer Rouge regime in 1979, the new government tried Pol Pot and Ieng Sary in absentia, sentencing both to death. The trial's pointed references to a Chinese master plan of genocide, however, injected an unpalatable political flavor that Washington found unacceptable, given the Cold War configurations at the time. Retribution was left in limbo until today.
Cambodia's tragic history of more than 60 years culminated in the horrors of the Khmer Rouge's reign from 1975-79, when Pol Pot tried to wipe history and society clean in the ultimate revolution. For him, Kim Il Sung and Mao Zedong might have "socialism as a base but they were not clear of the capitalist framework."
The result was many hundreds of thousands starved, and tens of thousands casually killed by cadres of Angkar (Pol Pot's decision-making organization) in the countryside. This was matched by the torture and killing of a comparable number of cadres in the purges that swept Angkar as failure, incompetence and lying were read as sabotage.
Pol Pot ordered a series of bloody incursions into Vietnam. The Vietnamese counterattacked, invading in December 1978 alongside former Khmer Rouge soldiers who had fled the purges. Phnom Penh was captured in early January. Instead of welcoming the overthrow of the truly awful by those considered merely undesirable, the United States, China, Thailand and Britain all aligned themselves with Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge.
Clinging to control in the far western fringes of Cambodia, they continued to hold the country's seat at the United Nations with annual arm-twisting in New York from Washington and Beijing until 1990. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher even sent in the SAS to train, as she put it, the "good" Khmer Rouge. How she distinguished who they were was never entirely clear.
Now almost two generations on, a final accounting is to be enacted. It's as if the Nuremberg Trial of World War II Nazi leaders were being held in 1975. No one has thought to ask the people of Cambodia what they want.
With no secondary mechanism for low-level offenders, there will inevitably be scapegoating of these five survivors at the top. With the exception of Duch, they are old and ill. It is likely that one or more will die before the trial ends.
The ECCC's terms of reference exclude from consideration all crimes against humanity outside of the Khmer Rouge period of power in Phnom Penh. So, former U.S. State Secretary Henry Kissinger won't be on the stand waving his Nobel Peace Prize while defending the illegal and secret U.S. bombing of Cambodia (and Laos) when more tons of high explosives were dropped than during World War II. Nor will other political figures attempt to justify the post-1979 collaboration with this murderous regime.
Asia's equivalent of Nuremberg was the less gentlemanly and more political International War Crimes Tribunal of the Far East. Here the unspoken issue was whether Japan's Emperor Hirohito should be indicted. The decision was made to spare him so that he could act as a conservative rallying point against the threat of communism.
The ECCC faced a similar decision. Khieu Samphan was head of state only from 1976, so if he's to be tried, why not "King-Father" Norodom Sihanouk who preceded him? The process is expected to last until 2012 at least.
In Bosnia-Herzegovina, 400 defendants were tried over three years at a total cost of 20 million euro. In Cambodia, it's working out to be 600 times more expensive per defendant.
One of Ieng Sary's lawyers is Jacques Verges, famous for defending Gestapo member Klaus Barbie ("Butcher of Lyon"). In a quixotic twist of fate, Verges was the man who signed up his client, along with Pol Pot, to the French Communist Party in the early 1950s. His grandstanding and histrionics will make the trial entertaining if not elucidating.
In a rethreading of the 1979 "trial," some defense lawyers will argue that Japan's heavy funding of the costs of the ECCC — 17 million euro so far, compared to 750,000 euro from the European Union — is not unconnected to a desire to see Beijing's support of Pol Pot put in the dock.
After decades of refusing to properly apologize (from a Chinese perspective) for the massacre of hundreds of thousands of people at Nanking in the 1930s, Japan's neoconservatives could use a Chinese atrocity as a counterweight. The saddest thing about this whole unfolding fiasco is that this might be the best and worst we can hope for.

Member of the European Parliament Glyn Ford has just returned from a visit to Cambodia.

Thailand, Cambodia agree on UN plan for disputed temple

Noppadon Pattama, Thai foreign minister.


BANGKOK - THAILAND'S prime minister said on Tuesday he would not block attempts by neighbouring Cambodia to have the disputed Preah Vihear temple complex listed as a United Nations World Heritage site.
Thailand and Cambodia have historically both laid claim to Preah Vihear, an ancient Hindu site perched high on a mountaintop on the Thai-Cambodia border.
Newly-elected Thai Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej said his government had reached an agreement with their neighbour allowing Cambodia to propose Preah Vihear temple - but not the surrounding land - as a World Heritage site.
'Cambodia and Thailand are preparing to issue a joint communique, but first I have to inform the Thai people,' Mr Samak told reporters on Tuesday as he returned from an overnight trip to Cambodia, his first as prime minister.
'Cambodia confirmed that they will propose only the temple site for World Heritage status, not the surrounding area,' he added.
Thai Foreign Minister Noppadon Pattama said the communique would also stipulate that Thailand and Cambodia must jointly manage the area surrounding Preah Vihear.
The United Nations culture organisation Unesco ruled last year against granting the temple coveted World Heritage status, but recognised it as a significant international site.
Rumours swirled that Thailand had blocked Cambodia's efforts to have Preah Vihear listed, but Cambodian officials denied that and said they expected the temple would be accepted this year after they submit a management plan to the World Heritage Committee.
A dispute with Thailand in 2003 over Cambodia's Angkor Wat temple - the most significant symbol of the country's ancient Khmer empire - sparked a night of riots that saw Thailand's embassy and several Thai-owned businesses burned and looted in the Cambodian capital, Phnom Penh.
Disagreements over Preah Vihear, which sits on Cambodian soil but can only be easily accessed from Thailand, have long plagued Thai-Cambodian relations.
Former Cambodian king Norodom Sihanouk took Thailand to the World Court in 1962 over the two countries' claim to Preah Vihear. The court ruled that the temple belonged to Cambodia. -- AFP

Thailand not oppose Cambodian's bid for listing Preah Vihear World Heritage

PHNOM PENH, March 4 (Xinhua) -- Thailand has no objections to Cambodia's listing Preah Vihear Temple as a World Heritage site, Cambodian Information Minister Khieu Kanharith was quoted as saying by Tuesday's national newspapers.
The Thai prime minister has reaffirmed their stands when talked with his Cambodian counterpart Hun Sen for around an hour, reported English-Khmer language daily newspaper the Mekong Times.
"We have not yet to register the whole resort (as the world heritage site) because Preah Vihear temple is located on the three peaks and there remains controversy over border issue in some places. So, we list only the temple which is used for worship," Hun Sen explained to Samak Sundaravej during their meeting, said Cambodian language daily newspaper the Rasmei Kampuchea.
Khieu Kanharith told another Cambodian newspaper the Kampuchea Thmey that he hoped that the Thai leader's reiteration would pave the way for Cambodia to seek registration of Preah Vihear temple as UNESCO World Heritage site in a meeting to be held in Canada in six months.
Cambodia was granted ownership of the temple by the International Court of Justice in 1962.
Editor: Jiang Yuxia

PM visits local market in Cambodia


(BangkokPost.com) - Prime minister Samak Sundaravej asked for some time alone this morning, on his second and final day of an official visit to Cambodia.
Mr Samak,a keen chef and culinary expert, reportedly nipped off to a local market in Phnom Penh to observe the atmosphere there. According to a local paper, the Thai premier spend over an hour at the market before returning to his hotel.
On Monday, he met with Cambodian leader Hun Sen to discuss bilateral issues, including Thai assistance to Cambodia in the constructin of transportation routes in the future.
Mr Samak is due back in Thailand on Thai Airways International flight TG 697 expected to land at Suvarnabhumi airport at 11a.m.

Hun Sen farewells Samak on homeward trip

Samak arrived in Cambodia on the 3rd of March 2008.


Phnom Penh (dpa) - Thai Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej flew out of Cambodia Tuesday, seen off by his Cambodian counterpart Hun Sen after a two-day visit that touched upon sea borders and a disputed border temple.
Newly-elected Samak sought to strengthen bilateral ties with neighbouring Cambodia during his visit, but instead found talks on growing anger over allegations that Thai border patrols use undue force in controlling Cambodian immigrant workers to Thailand, resulting in at least a dozen shooting deaths a year.
Cambodia is looking to make its claims on disputed sea borders legal before expected rich offshore oil reserves are tapped within two years. Hun Sen urged Thailand to be more flexible, allowing a "win-win situation between our two nations."
The disputed Preah Vihear border temple and Cambodia's move to have it listed as a Unesco World Heritage site will be discussed in more detail when Deputy Prime Minister Sok An visits Thailand later this year.
Visits to neighbouring nations have become a tradition for new leaders of the 10-member Association of Southeast Asian Nations, of which both countries are members. on homeward trip

Endangered pangolins rescued from Cambodian bus

Phnom Penh - Cambodian customs officials acting on a tip rescued eight endangered pangolins from a bus in the central province of Pursat, local media reported Tuesday. The rescued animals weighed a total of 22.7 kilograms and included a 5-kilogram female which had just given birth to a healthy baby, the Kampuchea Thmey daily reported.
The paper said the scaly anteaters had been packed in boxes and concealed with paper. The smuggler escaped, it reported, and the animals were handed over to forestry officials for release.
Pangolin blood is believed by some to have strong medicinal qualities and wildlife experts say there is a strong illegal trade in them into neighbouring Vietnam and China for use in traditional medicine.

US national charged with coat-hanger strangling of girl in Cambodia

Phnom Penh - A US national was charged with murder after police were called when he jumped from his burning apartment and they discovered the body of a young Vietnamese woman, a court official said Tuesday. Grant Kim Helling, 46, was charged with the murder of the unidentified woman Monday, Phnom Penh Municipal Court prosecutor Ouk Savuth said by telephone.
The alleged crime took place two weeks previously and investigations were continuing, Savuth said.
The motive was unclear but methamphetamines were believed to be involved, police said. They said Helling had admitted to strangling the woman but said he had not realized he had killed her.
Police were still investigating how the apartment had caught fire and whether it was an attempt by Helling to destroy evidence.
Under Cambodian law, Helling can be held for six months in pre-trial detention. He faces up to 20 years in prison if convicted.
The local English-language Cambodia Daily interviewed Helling in hospital where he is being treated for injuries sustained from his leap from the window.
"It was an accident ... one of those things you can't avoid - like a mosquito," the paper quoted him as saying.

Border demarcation between Cambodia, Vietnam to be completed by 2012


PHNOM PENH, March 4 (Xinhua) -- Cambodia and Vietnam have affirmed their determination to speed up the demarcation of the land border between the two nations, local media reported Tuesday.
The work will be completed by 2012, the Mekong Times newspaper said, citing Var Kim Hong, Cambodian Senior Minister in charge of border affairs and Chairman of the Cambodian-Vietnam Joint Border Commission.
The contentious Cambodia-Vietnam border demarcation began in 2005 and was supposed to be finished in 2007, the newspaper said.
"We planned to finish the border demarcation between Cambodia and Vietnam at the end of last year, but due to technical issues, such as unclear maps made during French colonial times and flooding, so far the project is about 30 percent completed," Var Kim Hong said, adding that about 30 of the total 340 markers have been installed.
Both sides agreed to identify all remaining positions on the map and install the most important border markers by the end of the year, Var Kim Hong said.
Editor: Jiang Yuxia

Hun Sen-Samak Talks: Praise or Not to be Praised, That is Just a Question

"The fact that the Cambodian government had taken issues with the Thai PM regrading the extra-judicial killings of Khmer workers are growing signs that the government is trying to right its own wrongs by trying to protect its own citizens, its national heritage and its own borders."
Editorial by Khmerization:-The Cambodian government’s firm stance on the issues of Preah Vihear and the extra-judicial killings of Khmer immigrant workers by the Thai border police is commendable (please read links below). The fact that the Cambodian government had taken issues with the Thai PM regrading the extra-judicial killings of Khmer workers are growing signs that the government is trying to right its own wrongs by trying to protect its own citizens, its national heritage and its own borders. These actions should be commended.
Other good outcomes coming out of the Thai PM’s visit should not be discounted. Cambodia had received pledges in the forms of infrastructure building to the tune of $43.7 million as well as tourism co-operations and co-operations in the energy building capacity.
The initial outcomes of the Thai PM’s visit had produced favourable results for Cambodia. It is imperative that the Cambodian side stand firm on other issues in talks during the tenure of the Thai PM’s visit in the coming days.
In spite of favourable atmosphere, the Cambodian side should not be complacent about other issues of concerns. The Preah Vihear issue, although the Cambodian government had stood firm, the outcomes had not been favourable altogether. The Thai side only said that they will not object to the listing of Preah Vihear temple on the World Heritage List as long as the temple only, and not the who temple complex, is to be listed. The question is: didn’t the International Court of Justice in The Hague award Cambodia full ownership of the temple in its judgement of 1962? If Preah Vihear is to be listed in accordance with the Thai conditions, it means that the temple will have to be partitioned. At the end it means a joint ownership of the temple between Cambodia and Thailand. The Cambodian government has to stand firm on this issue as well.
Other issue of concerns would be Cambodia’s maritime borders. The initial outcomes of the talks had been described as “a win-win situation”. Here, a win-win situation must be clearly defined. If Cambodia has to concede its own maritime territorial integrity to Thailand then it is not a win-win situation, because any “overlapping areas” , declared in the past, are often Cambodian territories, sea or land.
In summary, the initial outcomes of the talks between Cambodian and Thai PMs are favourable. One would have hoped that the Cambodian PM, Mr. Hun Sen, would take a tough and firm stance with the Vietnamese PM on issues of Cambodia’s national interests, including our territorial integrity, during the next leg of the Vietnamese PM’s visit to Cambodia in the future. I just hope that he will. //END//

Election Group: Victory Speech Premature

Hun Sen said on Thursday 28th March: "I will win the election in July 2008."

By Sok Khemara, VOA Khmer

Original report from Washington

03 March 2008




A democracy group said Friday a speech made by Prime Minister Hun Sen announcing ruling party victories in July's national polls marked typical electioneering and should not deter Cambodians from voting their conscience.
Hun Sen said Thursday the Cambodian People's Party was bound to win this year's national elections.
The outcome is ultimately up to voters, said Lee Sothearayuth, a program officer for the National Democratic Institute.
"It's not any individual, activist or politician who can define their fate, but only voters who can," he said.
At least one election monitor said the speeches could lead to suspicion of vote-tampering during the parliamentary polls.

Duch's Week at Tribunal Stirs Anger

Duch was taken to Tuol Sleng and Choeung Ek Torture Centres on the 26 Feb 2008 to re-enact his crimes.

By Chun Sakada, VOA Khmer

Original report from Phnom Penh

29 February 2008




When some residents of Phnom Penh heard Duch was to be taken to Tuol Sleng and Choeung Ek, on radio and on television, it stirred in them old anger.
They said Friday they want Duch tried, along with four other jailed Khmer Rouge leaders, as soon as possible.
"We don't want to take revenge against Duch and the other Khmer Rouge leaders, but I support the punishment of the Khmer Rogue leaders, and want them to know what they've done wrong in the past," said Uk Dy, 45, a taxi driver in the capital.
This week, Duch toured the Choeung Ek "killing fields" and Tuol Sleng prison--which he directed under the Khmer Rouge--with tribunal judges and witnesses.
On Thursday and Friday, witnesses confronted the former prison chief in two days of confidential proceedings.
Leang Eng, 47, a cart vendor of sweet cakes, said she shook with anger when she heard Duch was visiting Choeung Ek and Tuol Sleng, because she believes her two brothers were executed after imprisonment in Tuol Sleng, and she knows he was in control.
"I want the Khmer Rouge tribunal to seriously punish Duch and the other Khmer Rouge leaders for their past crimes," she said. "Seriously. Seriously."
"I hate Duch, killing his Cambodian countrymen," said Var Ieng Leang, 56, a housewife. "I am very angry at him, and I can't forget the history of the Khmer Rouge killing fields, because my relatives were killed during that time. I have kept in my deep hatred for the Khmer Rouge leaders, but I cannot do anything against them. But I will let the Khmer Rouge tribunal punish them, in conformity with the law."

Military Police Draw Ire for Dozing Land


By Chiep Mony, VOA Khmer
Original report from Phnom Penh
03 March 2008

More than 100 people representing 300 families demonstrated in Kampong Thom province Monday, to oppose the alleged bulldozing of land by military police, officials said.
Military police razed about 200 hectares to make room for the development of an official site, a rights worker said.
Military Police Chief Lt. Gen. Sao Sokha said Monday that the land needed to be developed for growing rice during the dry season for military police who will be demobilized in the future.

Long Beach Library Makes Khmer Book Haul

Susan (left) and Lydia, a Khmer librarian, in the Twain library.

By Sivon Brahm, VOA Khmer

Original report from Washington

03 March 2008




The Mark Twain Library, in Long Beach, recently brought in more than 1,000 books from Cambodia and has been working feverishly to have them catalogued and ready to check out by Cambodian New Year, in April.
"We have about around 50,000 Cambodian people in our area," said librarian Susan Taylor. "And we need to serve them like we serve all the other population with the reading materials. And we are here as a public library to please, and offer information to the community, whether they are English speaking, or Spanish speaking, or Vietnamese speaking or whatever."
The library bought the books after two librarians made a foray into Cambodia.
Sam Sothea, a community leader in Long Beach and president of the neighborhood's "Cambodia Town," said the library would work to make the books available by Khmer New Year, in April.
"So the Cambodians can borrow them and read at home," she said.

QSR Seals Deal To Operate KFC Restaurants In Cambodia

KUALA LUMPUR, March 3 (Bernama) -- QSR Brands Bhd has signed an agreement with Royal Group of Companies Ltd (RGC) and Rightlink Corporation Ltd Hong Kong (RCL) to form a joint venture company to operate the Kentucky Fried Chicken Restaurant (KFC Cambodia) business in Cambodia.In a filing to Bursa Malaysia Monday, QSR said the new joint venture company, Kampuchea Food Corporation Ltd (KFCL) will be responsible for the operations of KFC Cambodia.It said the new company will have an initial paid-up capital of RM5.25 million with QSR holding 55 percent equity, RGC 35 percent and RCL the remaining 10 percent."The rationale is to set up opportunity to QSR to be the market leader and established fast food restaurant operator in Cambodia as the presence of other big players are still in the infancy stage," it said.QSR added that the business partners will combine QSR financial and operational strength with their strong local knowledge and contact to create synergistic benefits as well as the opportunity to explore other markets in the Indochina region.-- BERNAMA

Cambodia-Thai meeting focuses on border killings - Summary

Samak Sundaravej (left) and Hun Sen (right). Samak arrived in Cambodia on 3rd March 2008 on an official visit.
Phnom Penh - It was expected to be a showdown about a disputed border temple, but the meeting between new Thai Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej instead focused on growing anger over killings of Cambodian immigrant workers, a spokesman said Monday. Government spokesman Khieu Kanharith told reporters at a press conference that Samak's two-day visit at Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen's invitation had been cordial - but issues of disputed sea borders and border killings of itinerant Cambodians had come up.
So too had the Preah Vihear temple problem, he said, but Thailand and Cambodia had spoken reasonably on the controversial move to make the temple perched on the two nations' border a UNESCO World Heritage site for Cambodia - a proposal Thailand has objected to.
As a newly-elected leader, Samak's visit to neighbouring nations has become a tradition for new leaders of the 10-member Association of South East Asian Nations, of which both countries are members.
Kanharith said talks focused on the disputed sea borders between both nations instead, with Cambodia looking to make its claims to territory legal before expected rich offshore oil reserves are tapped within two years.
Also on the table were Cambodian allegations that Thailand uses undue force in controlling Cambodian immigrant workers to Thailand, which results in at least a dozen shooting deaths at the hands of Thai border patrols per year, according to border police.
"Please, do not use unnecessary violence (on the borders) because it could disturb the Cambodian people," Kanharith warned. "Thailand has full rights to control illegal immigrants, but Thailand should also respect human rights."
He said although the Preah Vihear temple had been discussed, Cambodia stood firm that the northern border temple belonged to it and it was Cambodia's right to ask for World Heritage rights.
The issue is a controversial one in both nations. On Monday, the nationalistic Student Movement for Democracy issued a statement demanding Hun Sen refuse to speak with Samak regarding Preah Vihear, citing the 1962 ruling by the International Court of Justice in the Hague that Preah Vihear temple belongs to Cambodia.
That movement's leader, Kein Sara, was briefly imprisoned in 2003 for his alleged role in the anti-Thai riots in Phnom Penh. Angry mobs had burned the Thai embassy and Thai businesses after a Thai actress was said to have claimed another cultural icon, the Angkor Wat temple complex, was Thai. Sara was quickly released.
Although allies, tensions between the neighbouring nations go back centuries. However issues including cultural ownership, Cambodia's possible impending new oil wealth and other border issues have strained relations.
On Monday Kanharith said the oil field border dispute had been discussed extensively by Hun Sen and Samat, and Thailand had been urged to be less inflexible, allowing a "win-win situation between our two nations".

Thai PM Cambodia's Visit



Thai Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej listens during a meeting with Cambodia's Prime Minister Hun Sen in Phnom Penh on March 3, 2008 . Samak Sundaravej began a series of visits to introduce himself and his government's policies to ASEAN member countries with a trip to the neighbouring countries of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) and the Kingdom of Cambodia from February 29 through March 4.REUTERS/Chor Sokunthea (CAMBODIA)

Thai PM talks with Cambodian PM



Thai Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej (R) walks in after greeting Cambodia's Prime Minister Hun Sen (L) during a meeting in Phnom Penh on March 3, 2008 . Samak Sundaravej began a series of visits to introduce himself and his government's policies to ASEAN member countries with a trip to the neighbouring countries of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) and the Kingdom of Cambodia from February 29 through March 4.REUTERS/Chor Sokunthea (CAMBODIA)

Thailand to assist Cambodia with bilateral development projects


Thai Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej (R) greets Cambodia's Prime Minister Hun Sen (L) during a meeting in Phnom Penh on March 3, 2008 . Samak Sundaravej began a series of visits to introduce himself and his government's policies to ASEAN member countries with a trip to the neighbouring countries of the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) and the Kingdom of Cambodia from February 29 through March 4.REUTERS/Chor Sokunthea (CAMBODIA)


BANGKOK, March 3 (TNA) - Thailand's Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej said on Monday his visit to Cambodia had achieved productive bilateral cooperations including projects on energy, infrastructure and business. After having met with Cambodian Leader Hun Sen, Mr. Samak said Thailand’s assistance to Cambodia would be beneficial to both countries, especially the highway 68 construction project with an additional budget on top of the 1.4 billion baht (US$43.7 million) already allocated.
The road will connect Thailand’s Surin province to Cambodia’s Siem Riep, and seen as an opportunity to boost the tourism industry in the region.
Prime Minister Samak also said Thailand would build a coal-fired power plant on Cambodia's Koh Kong.
The Thai premier also said he had discussed with his Cambodian counterpart border demarcation on overlapping zones which he described as a “win-win situation” if the zones could be developed as tourist attractions.
Both leaders also discussed criminal extradition and Cambodia’s proposal to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization or UNESCO to list the Preah Vihear Temple as a World Heritage site.
Mr. Samak reiterated such a listing would not affect Thailand since it would include only the temple, not its complex. Therefore, the premier believed, it would not affect the demarcation of Thailand and Cambodia.
The International Court of Justice in The Hague in June 1962 judged that Preah Vihear belonged to Cambodia, but Thailand and Cambodia have not yet settled a demarcation agreement on land around the ruins. The temple is approached from the Thai border district of Kantharalak in Si Sa Ket province. (TNA)

Monday, 3 March 2008

Cambodia launches second post-war census

With a budget of over six million U.S. dollars and a staff of almost 40,000 officials, Cambodia's second post-war population census began on Monday, local media reported. The 10-day census is a major undertaking, the Mekong Times newspaper said, citing San Sy Than, director general of the Planning Ministry's National Institute of Statistics (NIS). Each interviewer will gather data on 120 families, he added. Census officials have been trained and notified families that a census would be taking place, San Sy Than said, explaining that basic demographic, economic, cultural and social information will be gathered. "We will also gather family-related information about residential situations and household equipment," he was quoted as saying. This work will help identify the number and characteristics of the people and to estimate population growth from the village level to the Kingdom as a whole, he added. The Planning Ministry will announce the preliminary results of the census in August and the complete data by 2009, San Sy Than said. Cambodia held the first post-war census in 1998, which showed the kingdom had a population of 11.4 million people.
Source:Xinhua

Libet in Love: The Custody Between Johnson & Johnson

Lionel, Libet and William in September 2003.


Her desires were simple: to have a relationship, adopt a child, do something meaningful with her life. So why did things between Johnson & Johnson heiress Libet Johnson and her weight-loss-guru boyfriend get so complicated?




By Steve Fishman
Published Mar 3, 2008


Picture:Lady X (“Libit) (1998), oil painting by James Childs, commissioned by Elizabeth Johnson herself.


It’s hard to remember after the vicious custody battle, after the charges of kidnapping and countercharges of extortion, that the whole thing started because Libet Johnson had fallen in love. Deliriously in love. Of course, Libet, one of the richest women in New York, fell in love with some regularity—she’d been married, and divorced, five times and had had a slew of boyfriends besides. But at the beginning, she was certain that this romance would last. Lionel Bissoon, a handsome weight-loss doctor, was “the best man by miles that I have ever met,” she wrote in an e-mail.
For Libet, heir to the Johnson & Johnson fortune, the romance arrived in the nick of time. She’d been worrying that at her age—she was 53—she’d never have another boyfriend. Lionel was, she thought, her last shot. “I want to spend the rest of my life with you,” she e-mailed him.
In fact, her life seemed to be improving across the board. As her relationship with Lionel developed, she was growing more deeply involved with an orphan community she’d founded in Cambodia. The charity work had given her a sense of purpose that, for all her wealth, hadn’t been there before.
And then, there was another piece of happy news. One day, she called Lionel from Cambodia. Lionel still recalls the phone message: “I found your son.”
Libet denies that she said these words. Still, on July 18, 2003, a typically hot and muggy Cambodian day, she waited for Lionel in the Phnom Penh airport. In her arms, she cradled a 6-month-old orphan, a boy whose brown skin and dark ringlets reminded her of Lionel.
Lionel couldn’t help but register how wonderful Libet looked. She wore white pants, a white T-shirt, and over her loose blonde ponytail a wide-brimmed straw hat. Then Libet put William—she’d named him after her brother—into Lionel’s arms.
Lionel, 41 at the time, had never wanted children. Like William, he didn’t live with his parents as a child. His father was in and out of his life, a lack that seemed to engulf him as he took William into his arms.
“You have this medical training,” he said later. “You know it’s not possible. But I heard a voice in my head saying, ‘Papa, where were you? Why did you leave me?’ ” Recounting that moment later, Lionel stumbled over the words. “I knew this baby was my father,” he said, then corrected himself. “I mean, I knew he was my son.”
A few months later, Libet and Lionel spirited William out of the country on a medical visa—the United States has suspended adoption of Cambodian children—and into their lives.
On February 12, 2004, Lionel e-mailed Libet:
“Hi Baby … I am so happy to be with you, never have I felt so content. You are an amazing woman. And William is the cutest boy ever. I am so lucky.” Lionel sometimes signed his e-mails “JB,” for Jungle Boy; that was Libet’s nickname for him.
Libet wrote back:
“I am the one who is so lucky. We have everything we could ever want in our little family. I am feeling much more relaxed about everything. i love you so much … Can’t wait to see you.” She signed “DG,” for Dancing Girl, the name she called herself.
A decade earlier, Elizabeth Ross Johnson—a brother called her Libet, which stuck—had commissioned a portrait of herself. Painted by society portraitist James Childs, and shown on the preceding page, it’s a remarkable work, both for its skillful execution and for Libet’s fastidiously constructed vision of herself. For the painting, Libet had her decorator redesign the artist’s studio, hanging $5,000 worth of lush Fortuny silk on the wall and adding a dark faux-bois wainscoting. On a table draped in blue sat a nineteenth-century candlestick and bright fuchsia peonies, which her florist continually refreshed over the two years it took to make the painting. In the foreground, Libet reclines on a chaise longue, wearing a stunning Valentino dress of chiffon, silk, and diamonds. The dress is hiked toward her knees, ruffles cascading carelessly to the leopard-skin rug on the floor. She floats a pink-hued arm in the air. It’s the portrait of a seductress.
“Libet loves boys,” explains one of her friends. And boys have always been drawn to her. She’s adventurous, fun-loving, spontaneous. (She flew in a Russian MiG just for kicks.) Also, there’s the money—“Money is a very powerful aphrodisiac,” Libet’s niece, Casey Johnson, once explained.
By the age of 40, Libet had attracted five husbands, who had given her four children. Libet had always wanted children. Fortunately, while the men departed, the children stayed.
For Libet, husband-and-father stock had been mostly Waspy men from her social background. After the husbands, though, she seemed attracted to a more exotic sort: rougher-edged, often darker, and usually younger. “She’s never been conventional, going to the country club,” says a friend. She dated Frédéric Fekkai, the hairdresser turned hair-care mogul; he’s French, though ethnically Egyptian and Vietnamese. She dated Jerome Jeandin, her chauffeur at the Ritz, where she always stayed when in Paris; he received a Ferrari when they split up, according to news reports. Libet also dated a South American man some twenty years younger, a romance that apparently fizzled when she met his family. She briefly dated Michael Nouri, the actor, who is of Iraqi descent; even more briefly Michael Bolton, the singer



Then came Lionel, who, as one Libet friend put it, “fit the bill.”
Lionel Bissoon, a Trinidad-born “celebrity weight-loss guru,” as the tabloids called him, first got to know Libet in his Upper West Side office. Lionel’s office is brightly lit and surprisingly spartan for someone who caters to the wealthy and famous in New York, West Palm Beach, and, for a time, Beverly Hills. Behind a neat desk, a wall of diplomas chart Lionel’s medical path from Des Moines School of Osteopathic Medicine to residency at Mount Sinai.
Lionel imported his signature technique, mesotherapy, from France. According to his self-published book, The Cellulite Cure (with a forward by Roberta Flack, who lost 40 pounds after visiting Lionel), cellulite can be combated by injecting a regimen of anti-inflammatories, asthma drugs, blood-vessel dilators, vitamins, and minerals under the skin—sometimes 500 injections in one session.
Libet came to Lionel as a patient. “The moment I saw her, I felt this attraction,” Lionel says. “I’ve dated a lot of beautiful women. There was something chemical.”
Libet felt something, too. She began inviting Lionel to her apartment in the Trump International Hotel & Tower on Central Park West, where she’d amassed a 20,000-square-foot triplex—valued at one point at $62.3 million. For a time, she’d talked of installing a basketball court and a pool.
There were friendly and then increasingly intimate visits. On one, Lionel recalls that Libet greeted him in her underwear. She told him she wanted Lionel to examine a dimple on her thigh.
Usually they settled into the living room, with its vista over Central Park, or else in the library, for wine and conversation. Lionel may have famous clients and a reputation in a certain segment of the medical community, but he likes to describe himself as a regular guy. He can’t shake the image of himself as a poor kid from Trinidad and later Saint Croix and Florida, the high-school dropout with a patchy accent—he says “chiddren” for children. Lionel says he’s hustled for everything he got, and there have been some bumps. He had to declare bankruptcy several years back, and still owes back taxes. These days, he lives in a one-bedroom apartment.
Lionel says that early on, he somehow failed to appreciate the extent of Libet’s wealth. Then one day she invited him to travel on her plane. He assumed she was joking.
“Yeah, right,” he responded.
“No, really,” she said, telling him point-blank, as he recalls, “I’m heir to the Johnson & Johnson fortune.”
For Lionel, Libet’s life had its seductions—“I’m not going to lie,” he says. Her chefs prepared wonderful meals and packed delicious snacks to take on the private plane. At her place in Vail, Lionel learned to ski. In New York, Libet sent a car to meet him at the airport. The car deposited him at the helicopter, which landed at the heliport at her farm in Millbrook in upstate New York. The first time Lionel flew over the Millbrook property, he peered down at what he thought was a village. “Those are my barns,” Libet told him. She gave him a gold Frank Muller watch; she shuttled him off to MTV founder Bob Pittman’s party in Mexico—“There were like 60 private planes at this little airport,” recalls Lionel.
If Lionel was titillated by Libet’s world—“It was like a dream,” he says—he didn’t exactly fit in. He didn’t seem to have the vocabulary to fully comprehend it. “In the library, all the books are like really old,” he says. “All the spines are like embroidered.”
And for Lionel, privilege had a downside. “You sit down to have a private moment and somebody is taking your wineglass,” Lionel said. “Jesus Christ, when do you get any freaking privacy?” he complained.
For her part, Libet was initially enthralled by Lionel’s endless and exciting stories. He told her how he’d been adopted by the Little Shell Pembina band, a small group claiming to be a tribe of Native Americans, and how he’d adopted a lion cub and fed her from a bottle. He said he believed in reincarnation. Once he invited an Indian priest to Millbrook, who revealed that Libet had cared for Lionel in a past life.
“He talked about how he wanted to do this thing with his guru where they bury you up to your neck and you go through these spiritual trials,” says Annabel Johnson-Teal, Libet’s 21-year-old daughter, who later came to hate Lionel. “I’m sorry, that is entertaining stuff.”
At first, Libet believed she and Lionel were kindred spirits. She’s a seeker, too. She talked about “opening my mind to things.” She supported an energy healer and traveled with Deepak Chopra. She was absorbed by Lionel’s accounts of his out-of-body travels; in Peru, a shaman guided Lionel on spiritual journeys under the influence of ayahuasca, a hallucinogen. On one journey, Lionel is certain he spoke to God. “I’ve been fortunate,” he says. (As thanks, he gave the Muller watch to his shaman.) Libet even threw a dinner party for Lionel’s guru—Sri Shiva, “my ray of light,” Lionel calls him. She thoughtfully procured the foods he liked, though in the end she was disappointed. After dinner, the guru told gossipy tales about rich patrons, dismissing them as idiots.



For the most part, though, Lionel was fun. She liked his rough edges, even his coarse humor. Sometimes Jungle Boy shouted into the phone like Tarzan: Ahh-uh, ahh-uh, ahh. Libet loved that—it was so outrageous.
One day, Libet called Lionel and screamed a Tarzan yell into the phone herself.
“How do you like that?” she asked proudly.
“Where are you?”
“I’m in Saks.”
“You’re in Saks!” he repeated.
“Yeah, but I feel comfortable,” Lionel recalls her saying. “I can do that with you.”
With Libet, not surprisingly, there was always a sensitive point in a romance. Libet liked to coddle her men; still, she worried that they liked her for what she could do for them. “She wants desperately to find a man who can appreciate her for who she is, not whence she came,” says her friend Paul Schwartz, a veterinarian. “She wants a man to love her for her capacity to love him.”
In an e-mail, Lionel wrote to her, “I have told you many times, I am only interested in you because of you. I don’t care what you have, how much you have … I look forward to dancing with you, not just the tango, but the dance of life. Love, Jungle Boy.”
It was just what she wanted to hear.
At about the same time that Libet was falling for Lionel, Cambodia “wrapped itself around my heart,” as she put it in a video about her charity. Libet thinks of herself as an idealist. Cambodia allowed her to put her wherewithal where her idealism was, something she’d rarely done before.
Of course, since Libet’s grandfather Robert Wood Johnson Jr. built Johnson & Johnson into a pharmaceutical giant, every Johnson has had the wherewithal to do anything—or nothing. The special existential challenge for the Johnsons has been this: What does someone who doesn’t have to do anything do?
Some Johnsons chose to dabble in scandal. J. Seward Johnson, Libet’s “perpetually libidinous” great uncle, as one author put it, took his Polish cook as a third wife, bequeathing her almost his entire fortune. On his death, his pampered children contested the will, leading to a bizarre and captivating trial. Two years ago, after Libet and Lionel split up, Casey, Libet’s niece, added to this family tradition. In the Post, Casey, then 26, accused her famously press-shy aunt Libet of a libidinous streak of her own. She said Libet had snatched Casey’s 38-year-old boyfriend.
Libet has no patience for Casey or her accusations. And yet, Libet probably understood her scandal-sowing niece better than she liked to admit.
One night in bed, Lionel recalls, Libet said that she could identify with the public escapades of Paris Hilton, Casey’s good friend.
“Why?” asked Lionel.
Lying on her back, she moved her legs and her arms like a baby.
“I’m a rich girl, I’m a rich girl,” she sang in a funny voice. She could do anything she wanted, seemed the point.
The rich girl’s dilemma, as Casey has said, is that “there’s nothing left to want.”
Of course, Libet had long told herself that what she really wanted was to do good. For years, though, she didn’t seem to be doing that much of it, except perhaps for high-end merchandisers. She collected expensive homes—she paid $9.1 million for Meryl Streep’s West Village townhouse, though she never lived there. She took Pilates, swam like an Olympian, took her kids traveling all over the world. And she shopped for ever more rarefied goods—as if the usual purchases no longer did the trick. She bought a gorilla sculpted from amethyst and an elephant of aquamarine, gifts to herself that grew out of her “creative relationship” with sculptor Andreas von Zadora- Gerlof, whose work can sell for close to $1 million. And she jumped on her plane and flew to Wichita to inspect the Big Dog, a new custom-made motorcycle. She bought four.
Shopping, though, doesn’t offer lasting satisfaction. “How many days a week can you actually go shopping?” Casey, an extreme case, explained to one reporter, “You think, What have I ever done to alter this world? What will people say? ‘Oh, she had a lot of shoes’?”
When Libet contemplated her set of talents, she decided they were all related to the fact that she’s a mother. “I’m very maternal,” she sometimes told friends. She liked to say that she hoped to find something to unite all her strengths and hopes and desires in a way that could be useful.
Then she discovered Cambodia, which she thought was the missing piece of the puzzle. The country is overrun with children, 9 percent of them orphans. For a small amount of money—$10 million is not much for a Johnson—Libet built Golden Children, a community for orphans on the banks of the Mekong River in Phnom Penh. She recruited, and paid, parents to raise the children and teachers to educate them.



“Cambodia has become her life’s work,” says Lucinda Ziesing, Libet’s childhood friend. “It’s given her meaning, direction.” Suddenly, Libet spouted lofty, un-Libet-like goals. “I see these children having the potential to really create social change, to start companies, to run for government, to change the whole future of the country,” she said.
In the beginning, Libet and Lionel loved each other passionately—they made love almost every time they were together. Still, they argued and broke up regularly. “Every other month,” wrote Libet. During those periods, the e-mails would ricochet back and forth. “I think our love affair has played itself out in e-mails and phone calls,” Libet wrote. Then they would try to reconcile, with Lionel, stiffer and more assured, offering pearls of wisdom. “Love transcends all,” he explained to her at one point. “We have grown apart not because of lack of love. But because of lack of communication,” he wrote another time.
In Libet’s e-mails, she seems to work things out as she writes. The form can’t quite contain her feelings—she uses lots of capital letters. She knows she’s not perfect, she told Lionel. After five divorces, who could think otherwise? She was drinking too much, too, which didn’t help. (Eventually, her worried children staged an intervention and shipped her off to rehab.) “I have some growing up to do,” she confessed. “I have a terrible problem with retreating, so please don’t give up on me. i really love you.” (“Maybe a little ayahuasca is all I need,” she added at one point.)
Lionel loved her, too, though her wealth, and its impositions, stirred resentment. “When no one was around, you could be like yourself,” says Lionel. “But when we were with her friends, from her caliber of life, her social strata, it was a different ball game. Everything was very pristine, very precise. You have to be really uptight, straight, what fork do you eat with.”
Lionel told her, “I’m not one of your Fifth Avenue friends. Don’t expect me to behave like that.”
Statements like that angered Libet. She didn’t see herself as snobby just because she understood the requirements of social life.
If someone sat quietly at a dinner party, she instructed Lionel to go speak to the person. It was her tone that infuriated him. “It wasn’t like, ‘Why don’t you go over?’ It’s an order,” says Lionel.
Libet couldn’t fathom Lionel’s complaints. Why did Lionel feel so … disenfranchised was the word that came to her mind. She wasn’t trying to demean him. Why did he feel that way?
“You were like supporting cast,” Lionel says. “Every guy around her was essentially subservient to her. It was almost insulting to me. I couldn’t be a yes-man when everyone is around. Your manhood, you don’t check it at the door.”
One day, Libet wrote Lionel, “I know you love me, but you don’t like much about me.”
Lionel had started to feel something similar. “You used to laugh at my stupid humor and then you became critical,” he wrote. “I felt you wanted me to be something I am not. Initially you accepted me as I am and then your attitudes toward me started to slowly change. ”
With all their travels—Libet visited Cambodia every other month, and most weeks Lionel flew to one office or another—they weren’t spending much time together. When they were both in town, Lionel often stayed at Libet’s place; Lionel says they lived together, Libet has a different view. Either way, by the summer of 2004, the romantic relationship was all but over—it had lasted just about eighteen months.
Still, Libet assured Lionel that she wanted to be “best friends with you forever.” After all, they had William to think about.
William’s welcome into the Johnson family had, at first, been slightly cool. Before he’d come into their lives, Libet told her children that she wanted to adopt, that there’d come a day when she’d face a big decision, yes or no, in or out. In her heart she’d know the right thing to do. William felt right, at least for Libet. Her kids weren’t so sure. “Part of you feels, Is he taking my place because I’m getting older?” says Annabel. “I’m losing out. There is that fear. You can’t help it.” Soon, though, William won them over.
Lionel’s family took to William, too. His mother, a nurse’s aide from Trinidad who reentered Lionel’s life when he was 13, relished the idea of a grandson. “When someone have a baby, we make a big party,” she says.
William lived a prince’s life. In Vail, he learned to ski. In New York, he has two nannies and attends private school. Though he was not an heir to the Johnson fortune, Libet gave him “some financial security”: a trust fund of $100,000.



The problem for William was his legal status, given the U.S. ban on Cambodian adoption. Lionel had tried to circumvent the ban using his Trinidadian citizenship and his membership in the Native American band, to no avail.
Then in November 2004, Libet mentioned a new plan to Lionel. “I am going to try to adopt William myself,” she wrote casually. “I think this will be the best thing for William and I hope you agree.” She signed off cordially, “Hope everything is going well … Libet.”
She knows she’s not perfect, Libet told Lionel. After five divorces, who could think otherwise? She was drinking too much, too, which didn’t help. “I have some growing up to do,” she confessed. “Please don’t give up on me. I really love you.”
For Lionel, Libet’s suddenly cool e-mails were maddening, as was the notion that she alone knew what was best for William. In response, Lionel was petulant yet resigned. “I will stay out of William’s life … I will no longer call him or come to see him,” Lionel wrote on December 2, 2004. “Good luck with the adoption process … William will always be your son and I will always be a stranger who comes to visit … It is easier for me to stop seeing him now than to be a part-time figure in his life … He is young enough and he will soon forget me.”
Libet responded tenderly, though it’s difficult to miss the pity. “Dearest Lionel,” she wrote, “I am sure there is some happy middle ground here where it doesn’t have to be all or nothing”—with William. “It is up to you.”
A couple of months later, a tragic tone had worked its way into Lionel’s e-mails. “I will do what I always do, walk away,” he wrote dramatically on February 1, 2005. “Let me know what your attorney wants to do and I will do it.” Even as he wrote, though, Lionel roused himself. Libet was bullying him, and that irritated him. “One day he will know I was once in his life and I was forced to abandon him,” he wrote. “In my heart I know he is my son and I will do anything to help him.”
Libet deployed her attorneys—in all, five sets would work on various adoption issues. In a March 14 letter drafted by one of Libet’s attorneys, Lionel told Cambodian authorities that he no longer would adopt William. Seven months later, in October, Cambodian authorities issued Libet an adoption certificate for William.
Later, Lionel is at pains to explain why he seemed to abandon his claim on the child. “It was a low point,” he says. “I was angry.” He says he suffered not seeing William. And soon, he points out, he started visiting again, even helping with parental duties. When Libet flew off to rehab in the fall of 2005, Lionel was there for William—sometimes or often, depending on who’s counting. Libet didn’t mind. “You are welcome to love William,” she told him. Libet, though, defined Lionel’s privileges narrowly—she told Lionel she didn’t want William to call him papa.
Then on December 5 of that year, Libet and Lionel had a fight. The issue seemed inconsequential: Lionel had come by Libet’s apartment to see William and reacted to the smell of William’s dirty diaper. In Libet’s mind Lionel’s reaction was overly dramatic. She recalled him holding his nose, motioning that it stunk.
This is the incident Libet invariably refers to when she thinks of Lionel’s parenting deficiencies. “You are shaming him, and I won’t allow it,” she said. She told Lionel he should celebrate a child’s bowel movements. But he didn’t listen. Libet thought, He never listens.
“What makes you think you know so much about children?” Lionel yelled.
“I’ve raised four children,” she said. “As a single mother, I think my kids have turned out very well.”
“Four fucked-up children,” Lionel said.
Lionel stormed out of the apartment, and Libet barred him from further visits. As far as she was concerned, he’d sent the renunciation letter to Cambodia. That was it, she decided. She cut him out of William’s life, and kept the adoption proceedings secret from him.
If Lionel had once renounced William, he soon told a different story. He’d missed a father’s presence when he was growing up; he didn’t want William to have the same absence. “This child deserves both a mother and father in life” was Lionel’s view now. And so, a couple of months after the fight, on January 26, 2006, and again on March 7, Lionel’s business attorney Richard Farren wrote to Libet. “Lionel is determined to be the father figure in young William’s life,” he wrote. Lionel now opposed any attempt by Libet to adopt without his involvement, he added.
And then Farren wrote this provocative line: “The highest priority should be to create a comfort zone for William so that he is not directly aware of the vast disparity between the wealth of Lionel and the wealth of Elizabeth.” Farren later told Libet’s lawyers that she ought to buy William an apartment, a place where Lionel might live and visit with his son. There was also, said one of Libet’s attorneys, mention of an annual stipend, which Farren denies.



Farren later insisted that it was he who pushed the parity issue, not Lionel. But the damage was done. For Libet, Lionel’s motives came clearly into focus. She learned that Lionel had not only declared bankruptcy in 1999—he listed his assets at less than $50,000—but had tax liens against him. “This man is trying to get money from me,” Libet later told a reporter in court.
Libet ignored Lionel’s letters and rejected any financial settlement. She got her New York adoption approved in April. Her lawyers had decided it wasn’t necessary to tell the court about Lionel.
When Lionel learned of Libet’s adoption, the war of wills (and of lawyers) escalated. Lionel filed papers to overturn Libet’s adoption.
There is a high standard for overturning an adoption, especially when the adoptive parent is a good one. And William’s court-appointed lawyer found that William was perfectly happy in Libet’s home. By contrast, the lawyer was concerned about Lionel. “I continue to be greatly troubled by information that has been brought to my attention,” she wrote, particularly his financial track record and his affection for hallucinogens.
But Judge Kristin Booth Glen—the same judge who’d granted the adoption—took a second look at the case; this time she determined that the case was more complicated than Libet’s attorneys had first asserted. Judge Glen reacted to Libet’s legal maneuverings with thinly veiled contempt. Her attorneys, so artful in the past, now seemed too creative for their own good. There was, for instance, Libet’s bizarre assertion that Lionel had adopted a different William than her William—the “mistaken identity” argument, the judge called it. “We all know this was the [same] child,” the judge said. Libet also claimed that Lionel’s Cambodian adoption documents weren’t valid, though her near-identical documents were. Libet had kept Lionel and William apart for almost two years—then argued that such a lengthy separation would make a reunion traumatic for William. As for the renunciation, the judge gave that no weight since it hadn’t been done in New York, where Libet sought her adoption. Further infuriating the judge was the fact that Libet had hidden from a social worker—and, in effect, the court—her alcohol problem.
“The court believes both parties love and care for William,” the judge wrote in her October 11, 2007, decision. The judge didn’t care who was the better parent; parents don’t have to be perfect. In the end, though, Judge Glen cited Libet’s “substantial, material misrepresentations” and overturned her adoption. The judge devised a Solomonic solution: William would continue to live with Libet, where he’d long been comfortable, while she appeals the decision, but Lionel would be his sole legal parent, with visitation rights.
These days, Lionel sees the battle over William as a kind of class war, in which he pitted his humble character against Libet’s privileged background, and won. “She tried to legally kidnap my son,” he says, which is, more or less, what the judge concluded. Sitting in his office in his usual jeans and a knit shirt, Lionel says, “Everyone else sucked up to her. I didn’t, I couldn’t be suppressed.” And then he shifts, his anger building. Suddenly he addresses Libet, as if continuing his argument with her. “I couldn’t sit back and have you to tell me what to think. It’s not going to happen.”
Lionel, now 46, sees William, who’s now 5, two times a week, visits supervised by a court-appointed psychologist. William refers to Lionel not as papa, but as Lionel, no doubt a frustrating echo of Libet’s restriction. Lionel reminds him, “I brought you home from Cambodia.”
Lionel is also trying to get his life back on track. He’s incurred legal fees of close to $1 million, though he’s petitioned the court to make Libet pay. He’s hustling to make money. Recently, he tested the waters with a mesotherapy training course. “Based on my research,” reads the awkwardly worded announcement, “I developed incredible formulas and techniques of injections which have far surpassed my initial training.”
Lionel’s assistant, Leslie Fischer, helped him design the course. An attractive blonde divorcée, she helps with many things these days. She’s attentive, understanding, just what Lionel’s looking for in a girlfriend, which she now is. Leslie couldn’t be more different from Libet, he says. “She’s been extremely supportive. It’s the best relationship I’ve had in my life. She cares more about me than about herself.”
For her part, Libet has sold off most of her Trump Tower footage, at a loss, apparently. Nowadays, when she thinks about her future, she thinks about motherhood. Mostly, she thinks about William. Her home is emptying of children, and William seems crucial to her happiness, which is, for a rich girl, what there is left to want.
Not so long ago, she’d tried to explain this to Lionel. “You can construct a beautiful loving environment for yourself,” she wrote him. He could have girlfriends, a family if he wanted. “You have more options for real happiness than I do,” she wrote. It was an admission and an appeal, a moment of vulnerability. Lionel didn’t listen. He never listens, Libet thought.

A Special Friend

By Evelyn Kelley French


I was watering my rose garden when a special lady walked by my house.
Mary Nou lived a few blocks away. After that day, she often stopped by for a short visit when she would see me outside. I gave her some of my home-grown tomatoes.
I invited her to come into my house, and she told me a little about Cambodia. One day, she told me how she lost her own dear mother and she would like to adopt me for her mother. I said that would be fine with me.
What a special friendship that started! Mary has not only lived in Cambodia, but also Australia and Singapore. She had her own store in Long Beach and she was robbed a few times at gunpoint.
She is an excellent seamstress and alters things for me and brings me special Cambodian food. When she visits Cambodia, she always brings back a present for me. She also gave me "The Killing Fields" to watch and a DVD about Angkor Wat.
Mary is so proud of her children and grandchildren. She says America is the best country she's ever lived in. Most of the Cambodian people I have met were very successful in Cambodia and have to work very hard to get ahead in the United States.
I wonder if adopting a mother is a custom in Cambodia. It's a great custom that I hope gets started in America.
It sure was a good day when Mary Horn Nou adopted me as her mother. She is a very talented and unusual lady, who's fun and interesting to know.

Evelyn Kelley French is a longtime Long Beach resident.

EU commits to observing Cambodian national election

PHNOM PENH, March 3 (Xinhua) -- The European Commission (EC) has announced that it would send 150-200 election experts to observe this year's national election of Cambodia, local newspaper the Mekong Times reported Monday.
The EC wishes to support an improvement in the quality of this nation's democracy and is sending an EU observance mission to aid the electoral process, Eneko Landaburu, Director General for External Relations of EC, said at a press conference in Phnom Penh, according to the newspaper.
A team of electoral experts will visit Cambodia this week to determine the level of observance at the elections, Landaburu said.
"They will produce a global report, and on the basis of the report we will take decision on the size of the mission," he was quoted as saying.
The level of EC funding for the election will also depend on the outcome of the report, he said, adding that the role of the observers will be strictly defined.

Editor: Jiang Yuxia

Japanese destroyer collides with Cambodian freighter in Vietnam port, no injuries

Monday, March 3, 2008
AP
TOKYO -- A Japanese destroyer grazed a Cambodian-registered freighter at a Vietnamese port Monday, but no one was injured in the incident, Japan's navy said.
The destroyer Hamayuki was trying to dock at the Ho Chi Minh port in southern Vietnam under the guidance of a pilot boat when the collision took place, Maritime Self-Defense Forces spokeswoman Mika Soma said.
Hamayuki's stern rubbed against the Cambodian-registered Masan, bending its own flagpole and scraping some paint off the freighter, Soma said.
The Hamayuki was on a monthlong training expedition with two other Japanese destroyers.
The incident came days after another Japanese destroyer collided with a Japanese fishing boat near Tokyo, leaving two fishermen missing and causing a national uproar.

KILLING FIELD TRIALS:Donors must demand reforms before pledging funds

Khmer Rouge Trial in session.
SARA COLM
The long-delayed trials of the leaders of the Khmer Rouge began dramatically last week with a judicial ''re-enactment'' at the regime's notorious Tuol Sleng prison, where more than 14,000 people were tortured and executed from 1975-79.
Part courtroom, part spectacle, the three remaining prison survivors were brought face-to-face with Kaing Gech Eav (Duch), the former prison chief, as he led international and Cambodian judges, prosecutors, lawyers and a coterie of court photographers on a tour of the prison.
Officially called the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC), the Khmer Rouge Tribunal is a ''hybrid'' court, consisting of a majority of Cambodian judges sitting alongside international judges, with international and Cambodian co-prosecutors.
Duch is among five former Khmer Rouge leaders jailed on charges of crimes against humanity and war crimes for the deaths of as many as two million Cambodians during their four-year rule, which ended in 1979.
Last December, Duch made his first public appearance before the tribunal to appeal for release from pre-trial detention. His hearing stands in contrast to most judicial proceedings in Cambodia. Often the accused do not have access to a lawyer. If they do, they often will not have met the lawyer before going into court.
During trials, judges have been known to arbitrarily refuse to admit defence evidence and issue verdicts written in advance of the court hearing. In politically sensitive cases, judges receive ''guidance'' and instructions from senior political and government figures.
For most Cambodians, a courthouse is not a place to seek justice. Whether in criminal or civil proceedings, the rich and the powerful almost always come out on top. When a wealthy and well-connected complainant's case comes before a court, judges routinely ''bid'' on which one will be the lucky one to get the case _ and the financial rewards. Many Cambodians' experience of ''justice'' is finding the appropriate clerk to pay off in hopes that the judge will decide in one's favour. If you don't have money, you don't win.
It is in this environment that Cambodia's Khmer Rouge trials are taking place. The five arrests, high-profile hearings and investigations have given hope to some that the long-stalled process of bringing the Khmer Rouge to justice may finally yield results. But as international donor countries consider a request for an additional US$170 million (5.2 billion baht) in the coming weeks, they should be cautious and insist upon significant reforms before pledging more.
The ECCC was established as a special chamber within the Cambodian court system to try ''senior leaders'' and ''those most responsible'' for crimes committed by the Khmer Rouge from 1975-79. The UN initially opposed the hybrid arrangement, fearing that the Cambodian government would try to manipulate the tribunal and limit its independence. Cambodia's judiciary is widely known for its lack of independence, rampant corruption, and low professional standards. These problems remain, making it critical that all other parts of the ECCC function properly for there to be any chance that the process will be credible.
Chief among the issues that have yet to be resolved is just how far the ECCC will be willing to go in following the evidence and identifying additional individuals to investigate and prosecute. The Cambodian government would like as few prosecutions as possible in order to claim that it did its part in holding the Khmer Rouge accountable without implicating current figures in the Cambodian government, some of whom are former Khmer Rouge members.
But can the ECCC be credible if it only tries a pre-selected handful of individuals? ECCC budget projections presented to the donors in January indicate that at most three more individuals may be prosecuted.
While the five charged so far are key figures, large numbers of other alleged perpetrators _ including former Khmer Rouge government officials, senior military officials and regional authorities continue to live freely. Donors must ensure that the ECCC has the financial support and independence necessary to bring additional accused to justice.
Other issues facing the ECCC include the need for proper witness and victim protection programmes, without which it will be hard to conduct prosecutions or allow victims to safely participate as civil parties. Questions have already been raised as to how the ECCC can protect the witnesses who participated in last week's on-site investigations when the ECCC's witness unit is barely functioning.
Funds are also needed to hire sufficient investigators to carry out thorough and professional investigations; and a serious public outreach campaign to allow average Cambodians access and understand the process. Steps must also be taken to address serious allegations of corruption, kickbacks and mismanagement on the Cambodian side of the tribunal.
Rights observers have already questioned the legitimacy of some of the decisions that have been reached by the ECCC and the independence and commitment of some of the judges.
In February, for example, the ECCC overturned a motion for one of the Cambodian judges, Ney Thol, to be disqualified. As president of the military court, Ney Thol has presided over several show trials of Prime Minister Hun Sen's political opponents, with little regard for due process, the right to fair trial or even the jurisdiction of the court.
All of this makes the need for reforms within the ECCC urgent. Before contributing more funds, donors must demand greater accountability and a timetable for implementation of concrete reforms to effectively address the corruption allegations and rectify serious deficiencies in the court's management and administrative leadership.
The court also needs to be more transparent, so that justice is not only done, but seen to be done by Cambodians.
An essential first step is for the UN to promptly appoint a high-level adviser to the ECCC, with the diplomatic clout and competence to implement these critically needed changes. International assistance must aim to ensure that Cambodia's national practices rise to international standards, instead of lowering international standards to meet domestic practices such that they taint the UN's name and compromise international justice.
Only if donors and the UN insist on all possible safeguards, will it be possible for the Khmer Rouge tribunal to deliver to Cambodians the justice for which they have long been waiting.


Sara Colm is a senior researcher on Cambodia for Human Rights Watch.

Thai PM Arrives in Cambodia



Thai Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej (C) walks down the steps of a aircraft at Phnom Penh international airport March 3, 2008. Samak began a series of visits to introduce himself and his government's policies to ASEAN member countries with a trip to the neighbouring countries of Laos and Cambodia from February 29 to March 4.REUTERS/Chor Sokunthea (CAMBODIA)

Thai PM on Visit to Cambodia



Thai Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej (L) listens to the national anthems of both nations with his Cambodian counterpart Hun Sen (R) upon his arrival at Phnom Penh international airport March 3, 2008. Samak began a series of visits to introduce himself and his government's policies to ASEAN member countries with a trip to the neighbouring countries of Laos and Cambodia from February 29 to March 4.REUTERS/Chor Sokunthea (CAMBODIA)

Thai PM Samak in Cambodia



Thai Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej greets upon his arrival at Phnom Penh international airport March 3, 2008. Samak began a series of visits to introduce himself and his government's policies to ASEAN member countries with a trip to the neighbouring countries of Laos and Cambodia from February 29 to March 4.REUTERS/Chor Sokunthea (CAMBODIA)

Thai PM in Cambodia



Thai Prime Minister Samak Sundaravej (C) greets people as his Cambodian counterpart Hun Sen (L) accompany him upon his arrival at Phnom Penh international airport March 3, 2008. Samak began a series of visits to introduce himself and his government's policies to ASEAN member countries with a trip to the neighbouring countries of Laos and Cambodia from February 29 to March 4.REUTERS/Chor Sokunthea (CAMBODIA)